When a path on the left or right lanes that turn off, that path will end at a junction. Junctions allow you to bank your rings safely and switch runners if desired. Always try to enter a junction to get a banking bonus that multiplies the amount of rings that you store.
Scoring
Attack an enemy, dodge an obstacle, run over a boost pad or spring, or run through a hoop to increase your score combo by one. Build a big combo to end up with a large amount of points.
Spring pads
Spring pads appear as small blue circles. They will launch you in the air when you come into contact with them. This may result in a small boost ahead or allow you to reach a mini area in the air. Those areas contain no hazards and contain rings, orbs, and hoops.
Sprites
Sprites are power-ups that either are immediately used or permanent. They will boost your character in some way, such as give additional points, increase the length of your dash, make certain items appear more frequently, etc. Although you will only have one slot to begin with, two additional slots can be purchased with red rings.
Upgrades
Every character has a special score modifier. For example, Sonic has a distance score bonus which results in bonus points depending on how far you run. Amy has an enemy score, which earns bonus points with the number of enemies that are attacked. You can spend rings to increase those bonuses through upgrades.